HTRAMs

As the T9000 had so many new features and architectural differences the “classic” TRAM wasn’t enough to support all that. So INMOS went to enhance the TRAM-model…

And they meant it! Instead of DIL 16 Pins of a “classic” TRAM, HTRAMs could use up to 160(!) pins to communicate to the outside world. Besides the classic 5V, also 3.3V was supplied on one pin as a tribute to the technical progress. Due to the introduction of the DS-Links (vs. OS-Links within the T4xx familiy), each of the four links of the T9000 now required 4 pins per link, resulting in 16 pins for the links alone. Plus many other special links for Events, ConfigUp/Down etc. a minimum of 60 pins were used.
Also each HTRAM now featured a PROM so it could be identified by software.

This is the pinout of an HTRAM extracted from the most recent source (SGS-Thomson B92x HTRAM datasheet, Nov. ’94)

HTRAM

Pin Row a Row b Row c Row d Row g Row h
1
2
3
4
5
ClkIn
L0SIn
L0DIn
L0DOut
L0SOut
N/C
GND
N/C
V3V3
N/C
TDI
V5V0
CupSIn
GND
CUpDIn
notTRST
L2SOut
L2DOut
L2DIn
L2SIn
EventIn0
EventIn1
EventIn2
EventIn3
EventOut0
EventOut1
EventOut2
EventOut3
9
10
11
12
13
L1SIn
L1DIn
L1DOut
L1SOut
Reset
N/C
V5V0
N/C
GND
TMS
CUpDOut
GND
CUpSOut
V3V3
TCK
L3SOut
L3DOut
L3DIn
L3SIn
V5V0
1
2
3
4
5
N/C
N/C
N/C
N/C
N/C
TDO
GND
CDnSOut
V3V3
CDnDOut
9
10
11
12
13
N/C
N/C
N/C
N/C
N/C
CDnDIn
V5V0
CDnSIn
GND
N/C

While many (i.e. 100) pins left unspecified in this pinout-map (e.g. Block 2 rows c & d, Block 3 rows e & f and the complete Block 4), they’re all used on the HTRAMs I own.
My guess is that those were used for the memory-bus, at least in the case of my Quintek board.

Here’s an original INMOS HTRAM, with a 15MHz T9000 engineering sample mounted, plus a T9000 (backside) next to it:

HTRAMandT9k

For a quickstart here are the 3 HTRAMs from Quintek which I own:

QT9A

The QT9A (Rev.C in this case) is a processor HTRAM of (yet) unknown clock-speed and memory-size – I think it’s 4MB. Because the T9000 ran really hot in the prototype stage (which he never left), all of them required a compariby big heat-sink. I do not dare to remove it, given the (collector) value.

QT9A_front

…and the backside for completeness 😉

QT9A_back

QT9H

This is a display HTRAM featureing a Bt485 RAMDAC, 2MB VRAM but no video-output part. The video signal is delivered to a pin-row which is going connected to a VGA-featurebus on a graphics card. It’s a Rev.C part, like the QT9A.

This and the following HTRAM were fitted into Slots 5 and 5 on the HTRAM-board which are quite special slots: They don’t offer the pin-blocks 1 & 2, i.e. no DS-Links etc.! That said they do feature fully populated pin-blocks 3 & 4 which underlines my assumption that those pins are meant for direct memory-mapping.
In the case of a Video & Encoding HTRAM this makes totally sense because it gives the Transputer even faster access to the Video-RAM than pumping all the data over the Links.
Which leaves yet-another-riddle-to-be-solved: Where are those HTRAM mapped into the T9000s memory?

QT9H_front

…quite a lot is happening on the back-side, too:

QT9H_back

QT9C

A video digitizing HTRAM using the BrookTree/Conexant Bt812 chip and having 2MB VRAM, too… this time “Rev.B”.

QT9C_front

and the back side…

QT9C_back

To be continued…

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